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The Hubble Deep Field from: Hubble Space Telescope Picture Gallery   A number of interesting astronomical and astrophysical phenomena can be understood by fundamental laws of physics. mass density rho = m / V volume of a sphere V = 4 pi/3 R3 uniform motion s = v t accelerated motion s = 1/2 g t2 gravitational force F = G m M / R2 constant of gravitation G = 6.673·10-11 m3/kg s2 circular force F = m v2 / R circular motion m v2 / R = G m M / R2 kinetic energy W = 1/2 m v2 energy of gravitation W = G m M / R escape velocity vF 1/2 m vF2 = G m M / R energy of gravitation released on collapse W = G M2 / R thermal energy W = 3/2 k T Boltzmann's constant k = 1.381·10-23 J/K gas law p V = N k T mass and energy W = m c2 speed of light c = 3·108 m/s Hubble's law v = H0 r Hubble's constant H0= 50 km/s Mpc-1 = 1,6·10-18 1/s Some examples: How stars are born The minimum mass of a star Temperature of the Sun How long will the Sun be burning? Pulsars The Roche limit and the Hill sphere Was sind Weiße Zwerge, Neutronensterne und Schwarze Löcher ? Wieviel Sterne gibt es in unserer Milchstrasse ? Wie alt und wie groß ist das Weltall ? The Mysterious Eddington-Dirac Number Doppler Effect (including Applet and sound files) The standard solar model Web Links Stellar Nurseries Sternentstehung und Entwicklung Simulations and Animations Stephen Hawking's Universe Last modified: 2010, Oct 19